Fitness & Body

Determines presence of alpha-actinin-3 protein in fast-twitch muscle fibers, influencing sprint/power vs endurance capacity

Master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis affecting aerobic capacity, endurance training response, and metabolic efficiency

Collagen fibril assembly variant linked to soft tissue injury risk and tendon flexibility

Beta-2 adrenergic receptor variant affecting receptor downregulation, exercise capacity, beta-agonist drug response, and cardiovascular function

Angiotensinogen level variant affecting blood pressure, sodium sensitivity, and cardiovascular adaptation to exercise

Primary lactate transporter in skeletal muscle — affects lactate clearance during high-intensity exercise and recovery between intervals

Regulates fatty acid oxidation and muscle fiber composition, influencing endurance capacity and cardiac adaptation to exercise

Promoter variant controlling interleukin-6 expression — affects inflammation, exercise recovery, and cardiovascular risk

Affects myostatin's ability to limit muscle growth, influencing muscle mass and strength response to training

Promoter variant affecting circulating IGF-1 levels and athletic performance potential

Enzyme critical for energy production during high-intensity exercise; deficiency reduces sprint and power performance

Cardiac myosin-binding protein variant strongly associated with endurance athlete status and elevated VO2max

Promoter variant affecting VEGF-A expression and angiogenesis, influencing muscle adaptation to training and soft tissue injury risk

Master regulator of cellular oxygen response influencing endurance capacity, training adaptability, and injury resilience in athletes

Affects tenascin C protein levels and elasticity, influencing tendon injury risk and exercise-induced tissue adaptation

Intronic variant affecting aggrecan expression and cartilage integrity, associated with ACL injury risk and intervertebral disc health

Long non-coding RNA regulating erythropoiesis, influencing hemoglobin levels and oxygen transport capacity in endurance athletes

Intronic variant in the mitochondrial biogenesis regulator NRF2, associated with endurance athletic performance and intermittent exercise capacity

Sp1 transcription factor binding site polymorphism affecting collagen production, bone mineral density, and osteoporotic fracture risk

Wnt signaling co-receptor variant affecting bone mineral density and fracture risk

Intronic variant affecting cortical bone thickness, bone mineral density, and fracture risk

Regulatory variant in GDF5 affecting cartilage development and osteoarthritis risk in knees, hips, and spine

Promoter polymorphism affecting MMP3 enzyme expression levels, influencing cartilage degradation and connective tissue remodeling

Regulatory variant in the RANKL gene affecting bone mineral density and osteoporotic fracture risk